Breathing Apparatus(BA) and Emergency Escape Breathing Device (EEBD) are key safety equipment on a ship designed to help crew members stay safe in case of fire or other hazardous situations.

Here is a detailed overview of this equipment:

Breathing Apparatus (BA)

1. Purpose: usually intended for use in the event of a fire or sudden outbreaks of smoke or toxic gases. They allow the user to breathe underwater or in a contaminated environment.

2. Components:

   – Breathing Mask: Equipped with a filter that removes harmful particles from the air.

   – Air Supply Hose: Connected to the mask, allowing breathing from an external air source.

   – Oxygen Cylinder: Contains compressed oxygen to enable breathing in environments with insufficient air.

3. Operating Principle: The user puts the breathing mask on their face and connects the air supply hose to the external air source. The oxygen cylinder provides continuous breathing in an oxygen-deficient environment.
   

    

   Emergency Escape Breathing Device (EEBD):

    

   1. Purpose: EEBDs are designed for emergency use in situations such as fires, toxic gas leaks, or other incidents threatening crew safety.

    

   2. Components:

      – Breathing Mask: Similar to the mask used in the breathing apparatus, allowing safe breathing and filtering harmful particles.

      – Oxygen Cylinder: Equipped with a small compressed oxygen tank that provides limited breathing time (usually around 15-20 minutes).

      – Activation: EEBD is activated by simply pulling a lever or opening the cover, which releases oxygen and allows the user to breathe.

    

   3. Operating Principle: When activated, EEBD releases oxygen from the cylinder, enabling the user to breathe in a hazardous environment until they reach safety or the situation stabilizes.
   

These devices are vital for the safety of the crew on board and are regularly maintained and inspected to ensure functionality in emergencies. Additionally, the crew is trained to use this equipment properly to maximize its effectiveness and ensure safety during emergencies.